Amazingly Close Planets Challenges Planet Formation Theory

Amazingly Close Planets Found orbiting Kepler-36

Two planets discovered by the Kepler Space Telescope orbiting the star Kepler-36 that come to with in 1.2 million miles every 97 days. One is a so called "super-Earth" and the other is a gaseous planet about the size of Neptune 30 times closer than any planets our solar system. What makes this a particular challenge for naturalistic planet formation is that one has a density similar to Earth and the other has a density similar to that of Saturn. This will likely force yet another reworking of both planet formation and migration theories.

Mitochondrial Eve

Mitochondrial Eve  is commonly reported as having lived 100,000 - 200,000 years ago but hat claim is based on a mutation rate that assumes we had a common ancetor with chimps 5 million years ago but direct mesurments of the mutation rate produces a date fo about 10,000 years. This 10,000 year figure is consitant with the biblical account but not microbe to man evolution.

Introduction to Classical Mechanics

 The Force of Classical Mechanics - YouTube

The branch of physics dealing with the behavior of physical objects when they are subjected to forces or displacements is called mechanics is . The field of mechanics that deals the physical laws that describe the motion of bodies under the action of a system of forces at every day sizes and velocitiesis known as classical mechanics . These types of mechanics form the bases of physics.

The history of classical mechanics is ancient going back to least as ancient Greece and Greek philosophers such as Aristotle. In practice the principles of classical mechanics go back much further even though they were not yet formulated.  It became a full fledged empirical science with the work of Galileo and ing into the beginnings of physics as it is known today with the work of men shuch Isaac Newton.

Classical mechanics is limited by way of speed and size at which it applies. This is because when the size of an object union becomes extremely small quantum mechanics comes into play however macroscopic level quantum mechanics produces essentially the same results as classical mechanics. Also at speeds approaching the speed of light relativistic mechanics comes into play while at the speed experienced in every day life relativistic mechanics produces essentially the same results as classical mechanics. Furthermore at larger scales of size and distance celestial mechanics come into play however this is actually just an expansion of the principles of classical mechanics to larger scales.