Amazingly Close Planets Challenges Planet Formation Theory

Amazingly Close Planets Found orbiting Kepler-36

Two planets discovered by the Kepler Space Telescope orbiting the star Kepler-36 that come to with in 1.2 million miles every 97 days. One is a so called "super-Earth" and the other is a gaseous planet about the size of Neptune 30 times closer than any planets our solar system. What makes this a particular challenge for naturalistic planet formation is that one has a density similar to Earth and the other has a density similar to that of Saturn. This will likely force yet another reworking of both planet formation and migration theories.

Catastrophic Model of Martian Geology III - YouTube

Catastrophic Model of Martian Geology III - YouTube

This video is the third part of a catastrophic model of Martian geology. This part describes new support for this theory of the geology of Mars.  The Catastrophic Model of Martian Geology has as a main point that most of the impacts and volcanic activity on Mars occurred as part of a single massive global catastrophe resulting in a large amount of  dust and volcanic ash would have been thrown into the Martian atmosphere. resulting in a large increase in atmospheric pressure. A recent sudy has now found evidence that the Martian atmospheric pressure was 20 time its curren value in the past this is full consitent with Catastrophic Model of Martian Geology

Martian Atmosphere found to be Supersaturated with Water.

Mars Express an ESA probe that has been orbiting Mars for several years has measured the water content of the Martian atmosphere using it’s SPICAM spectrometer. IT found that it is above that of saturation a state called supersaturating. This is the first time this type of measurement has been made on a global scale. The result will help in prove our understanding of Mar’s weather.

This result is also consistent with a catastrophic model of Martian geology. If Mar’s atmosphere had temporarily been raised to allow surface water by dust from impacts and volcanic activity, when Martian atmospheric pressure dropped as this dust settled the resulting evaporation would supersaturated atmosphere. This state would continue because the low pressure makes rain impossible so the only way to reduce it is for the water to slowly bleed off into space.

This is consistent with a young catastrophic model of Mars that is consistent with the Biblical account.

Meridiani Planum Mars’ Largest Water Spill

Opportunity landed in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars to be greeted by a sight that was strange even by Mars’ standards. Studdying it from both a local and global perspective clearly shows an area of catastrophic flooding and not the long standing sea proposed by JPL. Meridiani Planum forms a clear splatter large zone across the surface of Mars. The rocks there show clear evidence of being exposed to and eroded by concentrated sulfuric acid making the environment more like that of a car battery than an habitable sea. This shows that Martian geology has a largely catastrophic make up and not a uniformitarian one as seen Part one: Catastrophic Martian Geology

Catastrophic Geology on Mars

As amazing a place Mars as is the uniformitarian claims of form JPL on Martian geology are shown wrong because evidence show that it has a clearly catastrophic nature. Mars’ largest impact basin called Hellas is on the opposite of Mars from the Tharsis plateau with its massive volcanoes. In fact the center of Hellas is exactly opposite Alba Patera’s caldera, Alba Patera has the largest diameter of all of  Mar’s volcanoes  this implies that the Hellas impact triggered the formation of not only Alba Patera but the other Tharsis volcanoes as well, The ash from their eruptions ultimately forming the Tharsis plateau,

Another smaller impact basin called Argyre seems to have been responsible for ripping open Valles Marineris.  In fact the dominant distribution of craters on Mars suggests that they came largely from the same direction suggesting a short period nearly unidirectional  bombardment rather than a longer period of occasional random impacts.

This shows that Martian geology has a largely catastrophic make up and not a uniformitarian one.

The Universe

Genesis 1: 14-19

14. And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years:

15 And let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so.

16 And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.

17 And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth,

18 And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good.

Commentary

The greater light mentioned here is clearly the sun and lesser light is clearly the moon. Further more based on ancient usage, the word star would include planets as well. These verses cover the enter universe beyond Earth and verse 19 places the time span a one Earth day.  Further more according to the rest of the Bible these events took place less the 10,000 years ago.

 This presents two difficulties: solar heat reaching the surface of the Sun, and seeing distant starlight.

According to the Standard Solar Model heat from fusion at the sun’s core take millions of years to work its way to the surface. There are to two solutions to difficulty.

1. If the sun was created, then the surface could have been created hot with the core serving only to maintain that heat.
2. Some data from Helioseismology; the study of solar vibrations; has suggested a convection solar model that not only get heat to the surface in days, but suggests an age for the Sun of 6,000-13,000 years.

The solution to the difficulty of seeing distant starlight, involve Relativity’s ability to slow time. There are two viable creation cosmologies that use relativistic mechanics in a bound Universe (one with a center and an edge) to produce sufficient time dilation on Earth. One was developed by Dr. Russell Humphreys and is called the White hole cosmology. The second developed by Dr. John G. Hartnett uses Cosmological relativity

Astronomy.

The natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects and phenomena originating outside the Earth's atmosphere is called Astronomy.

Astronomy’s main activity is the observation of celestial objects measuring their properties such a mss, diameter, brightness and composition. Observations are usually made by way of some form of telescope. The types of telescopes used include visible light, radio, inferred, ultraviolet, X – ray, and gamma ray telescopes.

The telescope has produced a giant leap in astronomy allowing observations beyond the rage of the unaided eye. Since its introduction developments in telescope technology have opened up many new ways of looking at the Universe. Professional astronomy has often come to be seen as equivalent to astrophysics

The 20th century produced a division of astronomy into two main fields. Observational Astronomy is the acquiring of data from observations and analyzing that data using physics. Theoretical Astronomy is the development of computer models to describe astronomical objects and phenomena.

Today Observational and Theoretical Astronomy complement each other. The theoretical Seeks to explain observations and observations used to test the theoretical. Amateur astronomers have also contributed to many important astronomical discoveries making astronomy one of the few sciences that amateurs can still play an active role.